Nkuko twese tubizi, gutunganya imyanda yo mu cyaro mu cyaro bigomba guhuzwa n’imiterere y’abaturage mu cyaro kugira ngo hafatwe ingamba zihamye, kandi icyarimwe habeho uruhererekane rwiza rw’imikoreshereze y’umutungo n’iy’umwanda. Gukoresha umutungo w’imyanda yo mu cyaro mu cyaro nyuma yo gutunganya ku rugero ruciriritse bishobora kugabanya ishoramari mu gutunganya imyanda, kongera gukoresha umutungo w’amazi yo mu buhinzi n’ibintu bikomoka kuri azote na fosifore, no gukoresha neza umutungo w’ubutaka bwo mu cyaro n’ubushobozi bwo gusukura ibidukikije. Kubera ko hakenewe byihutirwa kunoza ibidukikije byo mu cyaro, gukoresha imyanda yo mu cyaro mu buryo bwihuse bizaba intego y’igihe kirekire yo guteza imbere iterambere rirambye ry’imyanda yo gutunganya imyanda.
Imikorere y'ikigo igomba kwihutishwa kugira ngo ikureho imitekerereze isanzwe
Kugeza ubu, ibikorwa byo gutunganya imyanda mu cyaro mu Bushinwa, ahanini hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bihuriweho + uburyo bw’ibidukikije, ariko imikorere y’ibikorwa ntabwo ishimishije. Bimwe mu bikorwa byo gutunganya imyanda ni 'miniaturization' y’uruganda rw’imyanda rwo mu mijyi, ibiciro byo kubaka, gukoresha no kubungabunga ni byinshi, uturere tw’icyaro biragoye kwakira, ariko nanone birengagije ikoreshwa ry’umutungo w’imyanda yo mu ngo kugira ngo ubutaka bukomeze kugira uruhare mu burumbuke. Bitewe n’urwego ruto rw’ubukungu n’ikoranabuhanga mu cyaro, imirimo myinshi yo gutunganya imyanda, ku buryo ahantu henshi ho gutunganya imyanda, imiyoboro y’amazi idashobora kubaka, idashobora kwishyura, kubura abakozi b’inzobere n’abatekinisiye bo gucunga. Muri iki gihe cyo gutera imbere kw’imijyi, gutunganya amazi yanduye yo mu cyaro bigomba kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kugabanuka nk’ibikorwa remezo n’imiyoboro y’amazi, gukuraho ibitekerezo bisanzwe, no guteza imbere uburyo buhendutse kandi bworoshye bwo gutunganya no gukoresha umutungo mu buryo buciriritse.
Imikoreshereze y'umutungo ishimangirwa mu mahame ngenderwaho yo gusohora
Ku bijyanye n'amahame ngenderwaho y’imyuka ihumanya yashyizweho mu gutunganya amazi yanduye yo mu cyaro, mu myaka ya vuba aha, gutunganya no gukoresha umutungo mu buryo buringaniye byagiye byibandwaho buhoro buhoro mu mahame ngenderwaho y’imyuka ihumanya. Dukurikije imibare, ishingiro rikunze gukoreshwa mu gushyira mu bikorwa amahame ngenderwaho y’ibikoresho byo gutunganya ni GB18918-2002, ariko mu 2019, Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije n’Ibidukikije yasohoye 'Amabwiriza yo gutegura Ibisobanuro byo Kugenzura Imyuka Ihumanya Amazi mu Bigo byo Gutunganya Amazi yanduye yo mu Cyaro (mu rwego rwo kugerageza gushyira mu bikorwa)' (Ibaruwa y’Ibiro Bishinzwe Ibidukikije No. 403), ishishikariza guhitamo ikoranabuhanga rya azote na fosifore n’amazi yo mu gikombe. Nyuma y’ibyo, amahame ngenderwaho y’imyuka ihumanya yasohotse mu ntara n’imijyi nayo yagabanyije intego zayo. Uburyo bwo gutunganya amazi yanduye yo mu cyaro burimo kwitabwaho no gutezwa imbere kuva hejuru kugeza hasi, bishyiraho urufatiro rwo gukoresha umutungo ngenderwaho nyuma.
Icyerekezo cyo guteza imbere imikoreshereze y'umutungo w'amazi mabi mu turere
Ubutaka bw'ibishanga bukoreshwa cyane mu gutunganya imyanda yo mu cyaro mu byaro. Gukoresha neza imyanda yo mu cyaro mu Bushinwa biracyari ku rwego rwo gutunganya imyanda yo mu cyaro, gutunganya ibidendezi no gutunganya ubutaka. Kubera ko imyanda yo mu buhinzi irimo imyanda yo mu cyaro yabaye isoko nyamukuru y'imyanda yo mu cyaro mu Bushinwa, gucunga ibibaya byose, kugabanya imyanda, gukumira imyanda, kuvugurura ibidukikije bizaba icyerekezo cy'iterambere ry'imicungire y'imyanda yo mu buhinzi. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, imyanda yo mu cyaro igomba gukoresha umutungo kamere wo mu karere. Gushimangira imikorere y'urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima byo mu cyaro binyuze mu guhindura imyanda, guhuza inganda zitunganya amazi yanduye yo mu cyaro, zibanda gusa ku kugabanya umutungo kamere, hamwe n'ubuhinzi bwo kongera gukoresha, gushyiraho uburyo bwo gutunganya bujyanye n'umusaruro w'ubuhinzi mu karere, no guha uruhare rwuzuye mu kugenzura, ubuhinzi bw'ibimera ubwabwo bukora mu buryo bugabanya imyuka ihumanya n'isohoka ry'imyanda.
Ibikubiye muri iki kinyamakuru ni ibikubiye muri iki kinyamakuru, ibindi bikubiye muri iki kinyamakuru nibyitondere ku kinyamakuru gikurikira cya Li Ding cyo kurengera ibidukikije kugira ngo musangize. Li Ding imaze imyaka icumi yiyemeje gukora ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere, kubaka no gukoresha ibikoresho by’imyanda byo mu cyaro. Binyuze mu guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, duharanira gutanga umusanzu muke mu kunoza ibidukikije by’abantu ku ruhande rumwe. Ibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda byo mu ngo bya Li Ding bishobora gukoreshwa neza mu bice byinshi by’icyaro byegereye abaturage.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 28 Mata 2024