Muri iki gihe, abantu bumva ko kurengera ibidukikije bigenda byiyongera. Kubera ko ubuvugizi bw '“amazi meza n’imisozi itoshye ari imisozi ya zahabu n’imisozi ya feza”, uburyo bwo gutunganya imyanda yo mu ngo no gusohora imyanda ihamye buri gihe. Nyamara, mu bice byinshi byicyaro byo mucyaro, amazu yo guturamo arasubira inyuma, adatewe inkunga n’ibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda ijyanye n’icyaro, kandi ibidukikije bifite isuku ni bibi cyane cyane mu bijyanye no gutunganya amazi yo mu ngo, nta mbogamizi nziza, bivamo a uruziga rubi rwibidukikije, ubukungu bubi, nubuzima bubi.
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda yo mucyaro, kandi ibikoresho bitandukanye birakwiriye mubihe bitandukanye.
1. Ibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda yo mu ngo
Umwanda wo mu ngo bivuga imyanda isohoka mu buzima bwa buri munsi, harimo imyanda iva mu ngo, amashuri, ibitaro n’ibindi bice. Mu cyaro, kubera ko nta muyoboro w'amazi uhari, ingo nyinshi zikoresha amazi meza cyangwa amazi y'uruzi. Aya masoko y'amazi muri rusange ntabwo afite isuku, kubwibyo ibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda yo murugo ni ngombwa cyane.
Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gutunganya imyanda yo mu ngo birimo: kuyungurura ibinyabuzima, igishanga cy’ubukorikori, pisine ikora, n’ibindi.
2. Ibikoresho byo gutunganya umwanda wamatungo
Inganda z’ubworozi n’ubworozi bw’inkoko n’isoko ry’ingenzi ryinjiza abahinzi, ariko ifumbire n’ifumbire y’inkoko n’inkari byakozwe mu gihe cy’ubworozi bizahumanya ibidukikije kandi bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho y’abatuye hafi. Kubwibyo, ibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda y’amatungo n’inkoko nabyo ni igice cyingenzi mu gutunganya imyanda yo mu cyaro.
Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gutunganya imyanda y’inkoko birimo: gusya biyogazi, ibishanga byubatswe, gutandukanya membrane, nibindi.
Mu cyaro, gukoresha ibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda biracyari bike, kandi imyanda myinshi isohorwa mu nzuzi, ntabwo yangiza ibidukikije gusa, ahubwo inagira ingaruka ku buzima bw’abaturage. None, ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda bikwiriye mu cyaro? Reka tubiganire hamwe.
1. Akayunguruzo k'ibinyabuzima
Biofilter ni ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gutunganya imyanda, ihindura ibintu kama mumyanda mumazi mungingo zidasanzwe binyuze mubinyabuzima, kugirango bigere ku ngaruka zo kweza amazi meza. Ugereranije nibindi bikoresho, igiciro cya biofilter kiri hasi, kandi ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga nacyo kiri hasi. Muri icyo gihe, amazi yatunganijwe arashobora gukoreshwa mu kuhira no mu bindi bikorwa.
2. Igishanga cyubukorikori
Igishanga cyubatswe ni ubwoko bwibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda bishingiye ku bidukikije by’igishanga. Ihindura ibintu byangiza imyanda mubintu bitagira ingaruka binyuze mubikorwa byibimera na mikorobe, kandi birashobora no gukuraho neza intungamubiri nka azote na fosifore. Ugereranije nibindi bikoresho, ikiguzi cyo kubaka igishanga cyubukorikori kiri hejuru, ariko ikiguzi cyo gukora kiri hasi, kandi ntigisaba imikorere yumwuga, bityo rero irakwiriye gukoreshwa mucyaro.
3. Anaerobic bioreactor
Anaerobic bioreactor nigikoresho cyo gutunganya imyanda ishobora gukora reaction yibinyabuzima mubidukikije bidafite ogisijeni. Irashobora gukuraho neza ibintu kama nintungamubiri nka azote na fosifore mumyanda. Ugereranije nibindi bikoresho, ikiguzi cya anaerobic bioreactor kiri hejuru, ariko gifata agace gato kandi ntigisaba amashanyarazi menshi, kuburyo gikwiye gukoreshwa mucyaro.
Muri make, ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gutunganya imyanda bifite ibyiza byayo nibibi, kandi icy'ingenzi ni uguhitamo ibikoresho bikwiranye. Mugihe uhisemo ibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda, birakenewe ko dusuzuma byimazeyo ukurikije ibihe byihariye, harimo imbaraga zubukungu, ibisabwa byamazi meza, ibisabwa byo kurengera ibidukikije nibindi bintu. Nizere ko binyuze muri iyi ngingo, nshobora kuguha ibisobanuro bimwe na bimwe kugirango imirimo yo gutunganya imyanda ikore neza mu cyaro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-25-2023