Sisitemu yo gutunganya imyanda itunganijwe neza igomba kuba uburyo hamwe nibikoresho.

Uburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya imyanda yo mumijyi bugomba gutekerezwa byimazeyo ukurikije ubwinshi bwabaturage baho, imiterere yubutaka, imiterere yubukungu nibindi bintu, hanyuma bagahitamo ibikoresho bikwiye byo gutunganya imyanda hamwe no gukusanya hamwe. Grille nintambwe yambere muri sisitemu yo gutunganya imyanda, ikoreshwa muguhagarika ibintu binini bikomeye. Gusya birashobora kugabanywamo grille nini na grille nziza, grille yoroheje ikoreshwa cyane muguhagarika ibintu binini byahagaritswe, nkibibabi, imifuka ya pulasitike; grille nziza ikoreshwa cyane cyane muguhagarika ibintu bito byahagaritswe, nkibimera, imyanda, nibindi. Ikigega cyo gutuza umucanga gikoreshwa mugukuraho ibice byumucanga nuduce duto twa organic organique hamwe nigice kinini mumyanda. Mubisanzwe, igipimo runaka cyikigega cyimyanda gishyirwa mubigega byimyanda, hamwe nuburemere bwimyanda itemba. Ikigega cyibanze cyimyanda nigice cyingenzi muri sisitemu yo gutunganya imyanda, ikoreshwa mugukuraho ibintu byahagaritswe nibintu bimwe na bimwe kama mumazi.

Ikigega cyibanze cyimyanda gikemura ikibazo cyahagaritswe hepfo hifashishijwe imvura igwa cyangwa gusiba ibyondo, hanyuma ikanyura mubikoresho byo gusohora ibyondo. Ikigega cyita ku binyabuzima nigice cyingenzi cya sisitemu yo gutunganya imyanda, ikoreshwa mu kwangiza ibintu kama no gukuraho umwanda nka azote ya amoniya na fosifore. Ubusanzwe mikorobe zitandukanye zihingwa muri pisine y’ibinyabuzima, harimo mikorobe yo mu kirere na mikorobe ya anaerobic, ishobora guhindura ibinyabuzima ibintu bitagira ingaruka binyuze mu bikorwa byo guhinduranya mikorobe. Ikigega cya kabiri cyimitsi ni ikigega cyimyanda nyuma yikigega cyibinyabuzima, gikoreshwa mugutandukanya imyanda ikora mumazi ya reaction ya biologiya n'amazi yatunganijwe. Ikigega cya kabiri cyimyanda ishushanya umwanda ukoreshwa mukarere kegeranya imyanda hagati unyuze mumashanyarazi cyangwa imashini ikurura ibyondo, hanyuma umwanda ukorwa ugasubizwa mumatungo ya reaction ya biologiya ukoresheje ibikoresho byo kumena imyanda. Ibikoresho byo kwanduza indwara bikoreshwa mu kwica bagiteri na virusi hamwe n’ibindi binyabuzima mu mwanda. Uburyo bukoreshwa muburyo bwo kwanduza indwara harimo kwanduza chlorine na ozone.

Usibye ibikoresho byavuzwe haruguru byo gutunganya imyanda, hari ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bifasha, nka blower, mixer, pompe yamazi nibindi. Ibi bikoresho bigira uruhare runini mugikorwa cyo gutunganya imyanda, nko gutanga ogisijeni, kuvanga imyanda, guterura imyanda, nibindi.

Mugihe duhitamo no guhuza ibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda, dukeneye gusuzuma ibiranga umujyi nuburyo umujyi umeze. Kurugero, kubice bifite ubucucike bwabaturage buke hamwe nubutaka bugoye, ibikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda ntoya kandi isanzwe irashobora gutoranywa kugirango byoroshye gutwara no kuyishyiraho; kubice bifite ubukungu bwiza, ibikoresho bifite tekinoroji igezweho hamwe nubuvuzi buhanitse birashobora gutoranywa. Muri icyo gihe, ibiciro byo gufata neza no gukoresha ibikoresho, kimwe no koroshya no kwizerwa kubikorwa, bigomba kwitabwaho.