Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryinganda n’imijyi, amazi mabi yibanda cyane yabaye ikibazo cyibidukikije bikabije. Amazi y’amazi menshi ntabwo arimo gusa ibintu byinshi kama kama, ibintu kama kama, ibyuma biremereye nibindi bintu byangiza, ariko kandi kwibanda kwayo kurenze igishushanyo mbonera nogutunganya ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gutunganya amazi mabi. Kubwibyo, kwibanda cyane ku gutunganya amazi mabi no gusohora bisanzwe ni ngombwa.
1. Ibintu bihumanya amazi y’amazi arenze kure amazi rusange, kandi biragoye kuyivura. Hashobora kuba harimo ubwoko butandukanye bwimyanda ihumanya, nkibintu kama, ibyuma biremereye, ibintu byangiza radio, nibindi. Umwanda umwe ushobora kugira ingaruka mbi kuri mikorobe kandi bikagira ingaruka kumiti ivura ibinyabuzima, bigoye kuvanaho muburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura ibinyabuzima.
2. Inganda zikoreshwa mu bya farumasi: amazi y’amazi asanzwe arimo ibintu byinshi kama, antibiotique, nibindi bigoye kuvura. Inganda zisiga amarangi n’imyenda: amazi y’amazi akorwa n’inganda ubusanzwe arimo ibintu byinshi byangiza ibinyabuzima na chromaticite. Amashanyarazi na metallurgie: Amazi yimyanda irimo ibyuma biremereye nibintu byuburozi bikozwe mugihe cya electroplating na metallurgie.
3.Ikoranabuhanga ryibanze ryibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi y’amazi menshi cyane ibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi y’amazi menshi, mubisanzwe binyuze muburyo bwumubiri cyangwa imiti yo gukuraho ibice binini, ibintu byahagaritswe mumazi y’amazi, kugirango habeho uburyo bwo kuvurwa nyuma. Izakoresha kandi tekinoroji ya okiside igezweho nka okiside ya Fenton, okiside ya ozone, binyuze mu gukora okiside ikomeye kugirango ihindure ibintu kama byangirika mubintu byoroshye. Koresha ibikorwa bya metabolike ya mikorobe kugirango ukureho ibinyabuzima mumazi mabi. Ku mazi y’amazi menshi, anaerobic na aerobic bihujwe bishobora gukoreshwa kugirango bigerweho neza. Ibintu bya tic mumazi yanduye birashobora kandi gukurwaho muburyo bwumubiri hakoreshejwe tekinoroji yo gutandukanya membrane nka ultrafiltration na osmose revers. Binyuze mu mvura, guhana ion, adsorption hamwe nubundi buryo bukomeye bwo gutunganya ibyuma biremereye, bikoreshwa mugukuraho ion ziremereye mumazi mabi. Kubwibyo, kubikoresho byo gutunganya imyanda myinshi cyane, ni ngombwa cyane kwemeza ko imyanda igera ku gipimo gisanzwe, igahitamo neza uburyo bwo kuyivura, igenzura neza uburyo bwo kuyivura, igashimangira uburyo bwo kwitegura, igahindura ibipimo ngenderwaho hamwe no kumenya no gusuzuma buri gihe. Niba ibibazo bibonetse, fata ingamba mugihe cyo guhinduka.
Bitewe nubwiza bwamazi yacyo, gutunganya amazi mabi menshi afite tekiniki zikomeye kubikoresho. Igomba kugira ikoranabuhanga ryiza ryibicuruzwa, uburambe bwumushinga, hamwe nigitekerezo cyo guhindura ingamba zijyanye n’ibihe kugirango harebwe niba imyanda y’ibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi y’amazi menshi yujuje ubuziranenge. Kurengera ibidukikije ni uruganda rukomeye mu nganda zitunganya imyanda mu myaka icumi, ifite icyicaro mu ntara ya Jiangsu, imirasire mu gihugu cyose, ireba mu mahanga, ifite itsinda rikomeye rishinzwe kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-12-2024